Garbage Collection automatically reclaims heap memory occupied by objects that are no longer reachable by any live thread. 1. Why GC exists Manual memory management is hard and error-prone: The JVM uses GC to: Production impact: 2. Heap structure (Young, Old, Metaspace) Modern HotSpot heap (simplified view): +———————————————————+| Java Heap || || +——————-+ +—————————–+ || […]